The Silent Loss of Pakistan’s Forests
Dr Saeed Ahmad Ali
Multan: From rising temperatures and worsening floods to declining biodiversity and water insecurity, Pakistan’s growing environmental challenges are being linked to a silent crisis, the rapid loss of its forests.
Across the world, forests are disappearing at an alarming pace due to agricultural expansion, commercial logging and climate-driven wildfires. Pakistan is facing a similar challenge, with shrinking forest cover increasing the country’s exposure to extreme weather events and environmental instability.
Experts warn that forests are not merely a source of greenery but a natural shield against climate disasters. They regulate temperatures, absorb carbon dioxide, protect water resources and provide habitats for countless species.
Pakistan’s forest cover remains among the lowest in the region, accounting for only a small portion of its total land area. The country continues to lose thousands of hectares of forest every year due to illegal logging, urban expansion, wildfires and conversion of forest land for agriculture and settlements.
Environmental experts say the consequences are already visible. Reduced forest cover has contributed to rising temperatures, soil erosion, declining water availability and increased vulnerability to floods, droughts and smog.
Forest expert Mirza Sarwat Baig told APP that protecting forests was essential for maintaining ecological balance and securing the country’s future. He said Pakistan’s diverse forests play a key role in conserving biodiversity and managing water resources.
“If maximum land is not brought under forest cover, the impacts of climate change will continue to intensify,” Baig warned, stressing the need for public awareness and stronger action against illegal tree cutting.
Environmental expert Dr Mehmood Khalid Qamar described deforestation as an “existential threat” that requires urgent measures. He said unchecked tree cutting was contributing to rising temperatures, glacier melt, sea-level rise, desertification and increasingly frequent climate-related disasters.
According to Qamar, floods and other climate disasters already cause billions of dollars in damage every year, affecting infrastructure, agriculture, healthcare, education and water systems.
Recent assessments have also highlighted the decline in Pakistan’s natural forest resources. Reports indicate a continued reduction in forest cover over the past decades, raising concerns about the country’s ability to cope with future climate pressures.
Forests serve as critical ecosystems, supporting a large share of terrestrial species while preventing soil erosion and protecting fertile agricultural land. Their loss threatens not only wildlife but also food security and rural livelihoods.
Amid the global challenge, international efforts are also focusing on community involvement. The Jane Goodall Institute, along with the United Nations, has launched the “Faiths for Forests” initiative, encouraging religious communities and organisations to play a role in protecting tropical forests and promoting climate action.
Experts believe reversing deforestation will require cooperation between governments, communities, environmental organisations and citizens. They say expanding forest cover, enforcing laws against illegal logging and promoting sustainable land use are essential steps to protect Pakistan from a worsening climate crisis.
As climate pressures continue to grow, Pakistan’s forests stand as one of the country’s most important natural defenses, and their survival may determine how effectively future generations can face environmental challenges.
