Autism Cases Rise, Pakistan Lacks Data and Support

Our Correspondent

Islamabad: Despite a rising number of autism cases worldwide, thousands of children in Pakistan continue to face delayed diagnosis, limited support services and social stigma due to a lack of awareness and proper assessment systems, health experts warned.

According to the Pakistan Autism Society, around 40,000 children have been diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) in the country, while the actual number is believed to be significantly higher because Pakistan currently lacks a standardized national assessment and support framework for autism.

Experts at an awareness session highlighted that Pakistan remains among the developing countries without population-based data on autism, making it difficult to understand the scale of the condition and plan effective interventions.

Renowned child specialist Professor Dr Ghaffar Billo said autism is among the fastest-growing developmental disabilities and requires urgent attention through nationwide awareness campaigns and improved healthcare facilities.

He pointed out that in 2019, estimates suggested that one out of every 120 children was diagnosed with autism, while global studies indicate varying prevalence rates across countries. Dr Billo stressed that autism care should not remain limited to major cities and that awareness initiatives must reach communities across Pakistan.

Highlighting the role of families, Dr Billo said early support and strong parent-child bonding can significantly improve outcomes for children with autism. He expressed concern over increasing social disconnect, saying excessive reliance on electronic devices has affected meaningful interaction between parents and children.

Experts also emphasized the need to address the educational and employment challenges faced by people with autism. Dr Billo noted that many young adults with autism struggle to continue higher education or find employment after completing school due to inadequate support systems.

Sharing international statistics, Dr Mansur Chaudhry from the University of Oklahoma, USA, said the World Health Organization estimates that around one in 160 children globally has ASD, while prevalence varies significantly across regions. He added that several low- and middle-income countries still lack reliable autism data.

Dr Chaudhry highlighted that some countries have reported much higher diagnosis rates, citing figures from Hong Kong and South Korea, where autism prevalence is among the highest reported globally.

Psychiatry and psychology experts stressed that autism is not only a medical issue but also a social challenge requiring collective action. Dr Qudsia Tariq, Chairperson of the Department of Psychology, said children with autism often face difficulties in communication, social interaction, motor skills and learning.

She added that the COVID-19 pandemic further widened communication gaps between parents and children, particularly due to increased expectations and limited understanding of developmental conditions.

Experts called for greater public awareness, reduced stigma around disabilities and stronger support systems to help children with autism reach their full potential. They emphasized that early diagnosis, therapy, family involvement and inclusive policies remain key to improving the lives of children and adults living with autism.