Punjab Issues Alert as ‘Fog Fever’ Hits Cattle

M Atif Ismail

Multan: The Livestock Department has issued an alert over a seasonal rise in Fog Fever, a sudden and severe respiratory disease affecting cows and buffaloes across Punjab.

The illness, medically known as Acute Bovine Pulmonary Edema and Emphysema (ABPEE), typically appears when animals are shifted to lush green pastures and can lead to rapid breathing distress and, in some cases, sudden death.

The disease occurs when fresh, soft fodder containing L-Tryptophan converts inside the animal’s digestive system into 3-Methyl Indole (3-MI), a toxic compound that damages lung tissues.

Key symptoms include fast and open-mouth breathing, whistling sounds from the throat, rapid rib movement, isolation from the herd, refusal to walk or eat, and, in severe cases, sudden collapse.

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Deputy Director Livestock Dr Jamshaid Akhtar, while speaking to APP, said the situation demands strict caution from farmers. He noted that dairy cows, heavy animals, and those abruptly shifted to soft green fodder are at the highest risk. 

He urged farmers to move animals to new grazing areas gradually, feed dry fodder before grazing, avoid extremely lush pastures, and keep sensitive animals under close observation.

He added that any animal showing signs of Fog Fever should be rested immediately in a shaded area and kept calm. 

Treatment under veterinary supervision may include anti-inflammatory medicines, steroids, bronchodilators, and fluid therapy in severe cases.

The Livestock Department has also advised farmers to contact the nearest veterinary hospital or the 24/7 helpline (08000-9211) for urgent assistance.