Pakistan’s Wetlands Under Threat

News Desk 

Islamabad: Pakistan joined the global community in observing World Wetlands Day to highlight the crucial role of wetlands in sustaining biodiversity, mitigating climate change, and supporting human livelihoods.

The day commemorates the signing of the Ramsar Convention on Wetlands in 1971 in Ramsar, Iran, an international treaty dedicated to the conservation and sustainable use of wetlands worldwide.

These ecosystems, covering about 6 percent of the Earth’s surface, act as natural water filters, carbon sinks, and habitats for diverse wildlife.

However, human activities, pollution, and climate change have led to the degradation of 35 percent of the world’s wetlands since 1970.

A Vital Ecosystem Under Threat

Pakistan is home to more than 225 wetlands, covering nearly 10% of the country’s total land area. Of these, 19 are designated as Ramsar sites, including Keenjhar Lake, Haleji Lake, Indus Delta, Jiwani Coastal Wetland, and Uchhali Complex.

These wetlands support migratory birds, marine life, and communities that depend on fishing and agriculture. However, rapid urbanization, water pollution, and deforestation pose significant threats to these fragile ecosystems.

Environmental Benefits of Wetlands

Wetlands play a crucial role in environmental sustainability by filtering toxins and pollutants, absorbing excess rainwater to prevent floods, and storing carbon through peatlands and mangroves, reducing greenhouse gas emissions.

They also provide habitats for birds, fish, and endangered species while supporting livelihoods through fishing, tourism, and agriculture.

Role of Youth 

Pakistan’s youth can contribute to wetland conservation by raising awareness through social media and educational programs, preventing pollution by avoiding plastic and chemical disposal in water bodies, participating in conservation initiatives, planting mangroves, and promoting efficient water consumption.

Wetlands ‘Nature’s Defense Against Climate Change’

Punjab Chief Minister Maryam Nawaz underscored the significance of wetlands in combating climate change, describing them as the “lungs of the Earth.” 

In her message on World Wetlands Day, she stressed their role in sustaining wildlife, replenishing groundwater levels, and absorbing carbon emissions. She also highlighted their importance in flood control.

For the first time in Pakistan’s history, Punjab has introduced a comprehensive climate policy prioritizing wetland conservation and enforcing stricter fishing regulations.

The provincial government, in collaboration with experts and international organizations, is committed to preserving these critical ecosystems.

As Pakistan grapples with environmental challenges, protecting wetlands remains essential for climate resilience, biodiversity, and sustainable developmment.